The topic of Matsumi Ladies Clinic Mita English blog in February is about the eyes and vision.

In the first part, I created an article suitable for easy reading.

In the second part, I create an article from the medical perspective.

 

In higher organisms, the eye is a complex optical system, which collects light from the surrounding environment and focuses it through the lense to form an image on the retina.

The retina is a light-sensitive nerve layer on the inner surface of the eye.

It is similar to the film in the camera.

Light signals are converted to electrical signals in the retina and transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve.

They are processed as vision in the visual cortex.

 

In the center of the posterior pole of the human retina, there is a special region known as the “macula”, the function of which is crucial for vision.

When a person experiences vision problem because of an impaired macula due to aging, it is referred as age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

 

Well-known eye diseases are myopia, astigmatism and hyperopia.

Various diseases, such as cataract caused by the turbidity of the lens, glaucoma in which retinal ganglion cells are destroied and retinal detachment in which the neuronal retina is peeled from the retina, exist.

The inflammation of the conjunctiva is called conjunctivitis.

 

In recent years, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has been featured in the field of regenerative medicine.