The topic of Matsumi Ladies Clinic Mita English blog in July is about bone and muscle.
In the first part, I create a slightly scientific article about bone and muscle from a medical perspective.
A bone constitutes of skeleton in vertebrate animal and fish.
The body is supported by bones, which enable mobility of the parts of body such as arms and legs with corporations of muscles.
Furthermore, bones protect various organs in the body.
Bones store minerals and also produce blood cells in the internal part, named bone marrow.
The Greek word for bone is “osteon”, hence the many terms that use it as a prefix—such as osteoporosis.
Bone tissue includes different types of bone cells.
Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are involved in the reabsorption and reconstruction of bone tissue.
In the human body, there are approximately 270 bones present at birth.
Some of them fuse together during development and, as a result, the number of them is reduced into a total of 206 in the adult.
The largest bone in the body is the femur bone in the leg, and the smallest is the stapes in the middle ear.
Muscle is a soft tissue found in most animals.
Muscle tissues are divided into three types, these are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.
The most important functions of muscles are to produce force and motion.
They are primarily responsible for maintaining and changing posture and locomotion.
They play an important role in the movement of internal organs, such as the heart and the intestines.
Muscle action can be classified as being either voluntary or involuntary.
Skeletal muscles contract upon command and are termed voluntary.
Whereas cardiac and smooth muscles contract unconsciously and are termed involuntary.
Muscles are predominantly powered by the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates; however sometimes anaerobic chemical reactions are also used.
The term muscle is derived from the Latin musculus meaning “little mouse”.
The reasons of this is perhaps because contracting muscles look like mice moving under the skin.
